Mineral phosphorus is an important chemical raw materials, with the rapid development of phosphorus chemical industry, high-grade bonanza and easy to choose phosphate reserves depleting, similar to a large number of mineral properties, disseminated very fine particle size, composition of matter complex of low-grade silicon Calcium refractory phosphate ore enters beneficiation processing, and different suitable flotation processes have been developed for these poor and difficult phosphate ore effective properties, such as positive flotation process, single reverse flotation process, positive Anti-economical enrichment has caused widespread attention in the world phosphate ore industry, and has also promoted the in-depth development of phosphate ore beneficiation technology . China's low-grade phosphate ore dressing has undergone years of continuous research and development research, especially near In the past few years, under the efforts of many phosphate ore dressing workers, new breakthroughs have been made in mineral processing theory and basic research, mineral processing technology, pharmaceuticals, equipment, process control in concentrating plants, environmental protection, water reuse, and comprehensive recycling. And progress, the results are gratifying. In the theory of ore dressing and basic research, the numerical model of phosphorus ore rupture process, flotation dynamics model, flotation column flotation model The molecular design and mechanism of flotation reagents, flotation behavior of coarse and fine fractions and flotation mechanism were explored. In the research of mineral processing technology, flotation is still the focus of research, for different positive flotation processes and double reverse flotation The process, especially the newly developed grading flotation process, branch flotation process, and other floatable flotation processes, forward and reverse flotation processes, and anti-floating flotation processes, have strong applicability to complex and difficult ore. Combined processes such as coarse grinding grading - coarse grain re-election fine-grain flotation process, rub-off mud-flotation combined process, heavy medium beneficiation-flotation combined process, etc. can handle some specific properties of phosphate rock well; In the research of flotation reagents, the research work mainly focuses on the development of new collectors and inhibitors, the investigation of flotation performance, the application of composite or mixed medicaments, and the analysis of the mechanism of action of pharmaceuticals. Collectors of flotation phosphorus minerals, collectors of flotation carbonate minerals, and collectors of flotation siliceous minerals have also developed a batch of inhibitors of phosphorus minerals and carbonate minerals. Inhibitor, inhibitor of siliceous minerals. The results in the study of low temperature pharmaceuticals at room temperature are also significant. In addition, the research methods and means of flotation reagents are becoming more and more perfect.

Although the research on phosphate ore dressing in recent years, especially the refractory medium and low grade phosphate ore dressing, has achieved fruitful results, it is also necessary to see that many research work is still in the laboratory stage, or semi-industrial test stage, the current dressing Processes, mineral processing chemicals and mineral processing equipment are still unable to meet the requirements of industrial production efficiently. According to the requirements of science, economy, high efficiency, low consumption, environmental friendliness and sustainable development, China's phosphate ore beneficiation technology still has the following problems and deficiencies:

(1) In the theory of ore dressing and basic research, due to the relatively small amount of manpower and material resources invested, the research results are too small, and the requirements for guiding and developing phosphate ore beneficiation processes, chemicals and equipment are still not met.

(2) In the research of mineral processing technology, although a variety of adaptable processes have been developed for different types of phosphate rock, many mineral processing processes are still in the laboratory research stage, and the mature processes of the current production and application of the mineral processing plant are mainly There are several processes such as wiping off mud process, direct positive flotation process, single reverse flotation process, positive and negative flotation process, heavy medium beneficiation process, etc. Many newly developed processes are subject to further industrialization. In addition, the nature of the ore at the production site varies greatly, and the ore dressing process needs to be strengthened for the adaptability of different ores.

(3) In the research of mineral processing chemicals, the research and development of new flotation reagents in recent years are mostly based on the modification, compounding or compounding of existing flotation reagent molecules, high-efficiency flotation reagents with high selectivity and specificity. not much. In terms of collectors, flotation dolomite minerals have more and more mature collectors, while flotation calcite minerals have fewer collectors and poorer selectivity; flotation phosphorus minerals have higher collector types. There are many floating phosphorus collectors that are resistant to low temperature, good selectivity and remarkable effects; there are not many types of cationic collectors for flotation of siliceous minerals, especially high-efficiency cation collectors that are less affected by slime. In terms of inhibitors, there is a lack of efficient inhibitors of carbonate minerals and siliceous minerals, as well as low-cost, high-efficiency phosphorus mineral inhibitors. Flotation agent is the key to phosphate flotation. Therefore, exploring the development of high-efficiency phosphate flotation new pharmacy is bound to become the research focus of phosphate ore dressing.

(4) In the research of mineral processing equipment, the phosphate ore dressing equipment has been extended to the mineral processing equipment of non-ferrous metals and other industries. These equipments have the problems of small enrichment ratio, large dosage, high energy consumption. At present, the focus of research on phosphate ore dressing workers is still focused on the application and improvement of these mineral processing equipment. The research work on high-efficiency and low-cost special equipment suitable for low-grade colloidal phosphate flotation technology is very limited. It is an important research topic to develop a flotation device with low rotation speed and small aeration amount suitable for flotation of phosphate rock as soon as possible. It is important to improve the efficiency of flotation operation, reduce the consumption of chemicals, and promote the development of phosphate rock flotation. The meaning.

(5) In the process control of the concentrator, although the automatic control technology of the beneficiation process has been well promoted in the phosphate ore dressing plant in recent years, especially in the crushing and screening process control, grinding and grading process control, flotation Great progress has been made in process control and automatic dosing, but there are still unreasonable and imperfect design of automatic ore dressing control, lack of innovation in sensor design, complicated installation, poor reliability and low measurement accuracy, which directly affects beneficiation. Automated promotion and application.

(6) In the aspects of tailings, three wastes treatment, environmental protection and recycling, in recent years, although the phosphate ore dressing workers have carried out a lot of research work in the aspects of tailings resource utilization and ore dressing wastewater reuse, they have obtained a relatively rich The results of the study, but the phosphate rock tailings can still be used very little, the tailings inventory is also growing, there are certain safety issues, environmental problems and land occupation problems. Today, with increasing emphasis on environmental and environmental issues, phosphate ore dressers will face new challenges in terms of three waste treatment, recycling, and zero emissions.

(7) In terms of comprehensive resource recovery, although phosphate ore dressing workers have carried out more research work on comprehensive recovery of phosphate mines and associated resources in recent years, and have achieved relatively rich results, the level of development and utilization still needs to be further improved. Many research and development work is still in the laboratory research stage. Most phosphate and associated symbiotic arsenic, iron, titanium, rare earths, indium, germanium high value-added elements, since the technology research and development is not enough, there is no comprehensive utilization.

In the unremitting efforts of the majority of phosphate ore dressing workers, in recent years, China has made many achievements in the research of phosphate ore dressing technology, chemicals and equipment, and successfully solved the mineral processing problems of some low-grade and difficult-to-select colloidal phosphate mines, but To fundamentally solve this problem, the development of related technologies needs further breakthrough. The future trend of phosphate ore beneficiation in China is: development of high-efficiency environmental protection chemicals, various process structures and various process flows, application of new large-scale high-efficiency equipment and automatic control technology, comprehensive and efficient recycling of resources, phosphate ore dressing and environmental harmony The independent innovation capability of enterprises has been continuously enhanced.

(1) The optimized combination of various process structure forms is a trend in the development of phosphate ore dressing. As phosphate ore continues to develop into “lean, fine, and miscellaneous”, it is necessary to research and develop processes and processes that are adaptable, economical, and technologically advanced, and industrialize them. The flotation process should continue to develop flotation processes using multi-stage flotation, branch-stream flotation, and various process structures to continuously improve the technical and economic indicators and resource recovery rate of phosphate ore dressing; the combined process can adopt a variety of beneficiation methods and processes. Processes such as re-election—flotation, photoselection—flotation, magnetic separation—flotation, or a combination of several ore dressing methods.

(2) Research and development of high-efficiency flotation reagents with high selectivity, specificity and environmental friendliness. The phosphate flotation of quartz, silicate efficient development inhibitor, dissolved and dispersed under strong low temperature, high selectivity, development anionic collector is economic and environmentally friendly, anti-British pumice, silicates efficient environmental protection cationic collector The development of the collection agent, and the development of new multifunctional chelating agents.

(3) Research and application of new large-scale equipment and complete sets of equipment and integrated technologies for phosphate rock flotation. Phosphate ore beneficiation equipment is a trend toward large-scale, automation, high-sorting, and low-energy consumption. Such as the application of new large-scale flotation machines, flotation columns in phosphate ore dressing, large-scale high-efficiency crushers , self-grinding and semi- autogenous grinding machines .

(4) Research and application of automation technology for beneficiation process control automation. With the development of computer technology, network technology and automation technology, China's mineral processing industry must actively use information technology, automation technology and automatic control equipment to comprehensively build and transform enterprises, improve the innovation ability of enterprises and the automation level of production process. The improvement, the enhancement of the comprehensive strength of the mineral processing enterprises, and the sustainable development of the mining industry will surely have a positive effect. Especially in the period of entering the industry 4.0, the mineral processing enterprises have comprehensively improved the level of intelligence, and the establishment of smart factories with adaptability, resource efficiency and human factors engineering is an inevitable trend of development.

(5) Research and application of comprehensive recycling technology for common and associated resources. Most of the phosphate resources in China have many high-value useful elements. According to the statistics, the associated high-value element reserves are considerable. Therefore, the effective and sufficient recycling of phosphate ore and associated resources is also the phosphate rock. A trend in mineral processing and an important direction for research by phosphate ore dressing workers.

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