In a paper by NatureBiomedical Engineering entitled "Biodegradable and Flexible Arterial Pulse Sensors for Wireless Monitoring of Blood Flow", a thin flexible device design is described for post-surgical reconstruction of complex reconstructions involving vascular sutures. Local blood flow, such as cardiovascular, vascular, and transplant surgery.
So far, sensors that exist on the market need to be carefully fixed and need to be removed after use, which will bring additional surgical risks. The paper describes a thin and flexible pressure sensor made entirely of biodegradable material that can be wound around an artery as small as 1 mm in diameter.
Arterial pulsations affect the diameter of the blood vessel, which can be measured by a biodegradable capacitive pulse sensor wound around the artery. The change in capacitance results in a shift in the fundamental frequency of the LCR circuit, which can be converted to blood flow.
The entire device consists of a layered fringe field capacitive sensor that is sensitive in contact and non-contact modes, respectively, which is connected to a two-layer coil structure for RF coupling with an external reader coil for data transmission.
A close-up view of the sensor, a schematic of a two-layer coil structure for wireless data transmission, and a cuff-type pulse sensor wrapped around the artery.
Here, blood flow is measured indirectly by pulse detection, because changes in the pulsation of the arterial diameter can be measured by a capacitive sensor. The change in capacitance results in a shift in the resonant frequency in the LCR circuit, which is wirelessly monitored through inductive coupling through the skin for battery-free operation.
To ensure low cost and re-absorption of all devices, thin sensors are manufactured by simple lamination and packaging processes using micro-layers of biocompatible and biodegradable materials such as magnesium (Mg) for electrical interconnection, poly(glycerol) 癸Diacid esters for dielectric layers, poly(octamethylene maleate (anhydride) citrate) and polyhydroxybutyrate/polyhydroxyvalerate for use in packaging layers, and for double layer coils Poly(lactic acid) spacer.
According to the paper, the sensor's response time is in the millisecond range and has high cycle durability. The device is suitable for real-time blood flow monitoring within a few months after surgery. The efficacy of this sensor was first validated in vitro using a customized artificial artery model and then verified in rats.
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