2017 cotton production technology guidance is newly released

[ China Agricultural Machinery Industry News ] In response to the climatic characteristics of this spring and the actual situation of different cotton producing areas, the National Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center and the Cotton Experts Steering Group of the Ministry of Agriculture have researched and formulated the “Guidelines for the Production of Cotton in the Early Stage of 2017”, each producing area. We should do a good job in guiding the production of cotton in the early stage.

2017 cotton production technology guidance

——Northwest Inland Cotton Area

The northwestern inland cotton region began to enter the sowing period from south to north, and basically ended the planting at the end of April. The focus was on improving the quality of sowing and strengthening post-sowing and seedling management.

1. Sowing. The next kind of uniformity and depth are required. One seed per acre and 1.5 to 2.0 kilograms of seed per mu. The sowing depth is 2-3 cm (3-4 cm in sandy soil) and the thickness of the covering soil is 1-2 cm. Choose a film with a thickness of 0.01 mm or more. The film should be flat and close to the ground, and the film should be pressed with 5-10 meters.

2. Management after broadcast. Check the film compaction in time, check the seedlings and replant. Timely wind, rain, cold, and secondary salinization hazards. Timely loosen the soil, break the knot, avoid rotten seeds, rotten buds, rotten roots.

3. Seedling management. At the seedling stage, 2-3 chemical adjustments were carried out. The first time, after cotton is present and the cotyledons are flattened, 0.5-1.0 g/mu of ketamine is sprayed with water of 15-20 kg/mu. For the second time in the 3-5 leaf stage, 1.0-2.0 g/mu of ketamine was sprayed with 15-20 kg/mu of water. For Wangchang cotton, the number of times of ketamine regulation can be increased. The leaves of the weak cotton are sprayed with gibberellin or aqueous urea solution. The use of imidacloprid, acetamiprid and other agents to control cotton mites, cotton aphids and other pests. The use of chemical herbicides and artificial combination to prevent weeds.

——Huanghe River Basin

The cotton area of ​​the Yellow River Basin enters the sowing period, and the live spring cotton should improve the quality of sowing, and strengthen the seedbed management by seedling transplanting.

(1) One cooked live spring cotton

1. Prepare before the broadcast. Non-salt alkali water irrigation 50-60 cubic meters / acre, mild saline-alkali soil (salt content 0.1% -0.3%) irrigation 80 cubic meters / acre, moderate saline-alkali soil (salt content 0.3% -0.5%) irrigation 100 cubic meters About / a mu, heavy saline-alkali land (containing more than 0.5% salt) irrigation of 150 cubic meters / acre. Acre of commercial organic fertilizer (organic matter content ≥ 30%) 100 kg, or 2000 kg of soil mixed fertilizer, shallow tillage 10-15 cm. The fine variety is coated with a depilation coat and incubated for 2-3 days 10-15 days before sowing.

2. Sowing at the right time. When the temperature of 5 cm in the cotton field is stable at 14 °C (generally April 20-30), the water content of the 0-20 cm soil layer in the non-salt alkali and mild saline-alkali soil reaches about 70% of the field water holding capacity, and when the heavy saline-alkali land reaches 80% or so. Advocate the use of precision seeding technology, the amount of seeding per mu is about 1 kilogram, and no more than 1.5 kilograms. The depth of sowing is 2-3 cm. With the deep application of base fertilizer, 30 kg of diammonium phosphate, 20 kg of controlled release urea, 10 kg of potassium sulfate or a compound fertilizer containing the same amount of nutrients. Before the filming after sowing, spray 33% of pendimethalin emulsifiable concentrate 100 ml + 50% acetochlor emulsifiable concentrate 100 ml/mu to close the weeds.

3. Seedling management. Immediately after the seedling cotton field, the seedlings are placed, and the saline-alkali gully is planted in the small holes 5-7 days after the seedlings, and the seedlings are selected for 5-7 days without the wind. When the cotton field is 2-3 pieces, the seedlings are fixed, and the fine seeding cotton fields are not seedlings, and the seedlings are indefinite, and all the seedlings are retained. After the seedlings or after the rain, the soil is ploughed as early as possible, with a depth of 6-10 cm. Cotton seedlings are generally not suitable for watering. When the rate of cotton seedlings is 15%, or when there are 30 aphids per plant, spray with acetamiprid or imidacloprid, and red spider can be controlled with avermectin.

(2) Two ripening seedlings transplanted spring cotton

1. Nursery. The two mature spring cotton seedlings entered the critical period of seedling management, and the temperature remained at 20-35 °C after the leaves were grown. Water is the main control, generally every 4-5 days to fill the water. The weak seedlings and short seedlings that are coming out should be removed. 5-7 days before seedling, 0.1% of “promoting agent” was applied to the bottom of the seedbed with irrigation, and the seedbed was no longer filled with water. Open the seedling bed at the beginning of the seedling, gently put the cotton seedlings, and tie each 30-50 strain into a small bundle.

2. Transplanting. Garlic (onion) cotton two-crop and multi-crop intercropping cotton field transplanted in early May and seedling age 25-30 days; grain and cotton two-crop cotton field transplanted in mid-May, wheat stubble transplanted cotton seedling age about 30 days wheat harvested plant.

——Yangtze River Basin

The cotton area in the Yangtze River Basin is currently in the critical period of cotton seedlings. It is necessary to strengthen the management of seedlings, cultivate strong seedlings, and transplant at the right time.

1. Seedling management. From the sowing to the emergence stage, the membrane should be tightly sealed to moisturize and promote the whole seedling, and the high temperature (not exceeding 40-45 °C) is used for germination. In the seedbed of double-membrane seedlings, the mulch in the seedbed was removed at 80% of emergence. After the two seedlings of the cotton seedlings appear, the film is peeled off during the day and the film is covered at night. When the temperature is stable at 20 °C, the film is removed and the film is covered in case of heavy rain. Combined with the drying bed, each standard seedbed uses 15-20ppm to help the high-stem seedlings to prevent high-stem seedlings, and to promote disease prevention. After wheat (oil), the cotton seedlings should be controlled twice.

2. Suitable transplanting. The temperature is stable above 18 °C for safe transplanting period, and the cotton planting should be transplanted in mid-May, and the seedling age is controlled in the 3-4 leaf stage. After the wheat (oil) cotton, the seedling age should be planted below the 5 leaf stage. The transplanting depth is preferably 1.5 cm below the surface of the soil.

3. Reasonable close planting. According to the variety and the ground force, the cotton field is generally 1500-1800 plants/mu. The live cotton is fixed in three true leaves, and one strong seedling is left in each hole. The saline-alkali land, the wheat-cotton cotton, and the seedling-free land can be kept in two plants.