1. Introduction to LNG
LNG is an abbreviation for English liquefied natural gas. The main components are low temperature liquids of methane CH4 (more than 90%), ethane C2H6, nitrogen N2 (0.5-1%) and a small amount of C3---C5 alkanes. LNG is another form of energy converted from natural gas. The natural gas produced in the gas field is first purified and then liquefied at atmospheric pressure (-162 ° C) to form liquefied natural gas. The volume is reduced by about 625 times when it changes from a gaseous state to a liquid state. The critical temperature between LNG gas and liquid is -162 °C, the ignition point is 650 °C, and the explosion range: upper limit is 15%, lower limit is 5%, liquid density is 0.420--0.46T/m 3 , and gaseous density is 0.68--0.75. Kg/m3. The gaseous calorific value is 38 MJ/m3, and the liquid heating value is 50 MJ/kg. LNG is colorless, odorless, non-toxic and non-corrosive. Its volume is about 1/600 of the volume of gaseous natural gas. The weight of LNG is only about 45% of the same volume of water.
Main use of LNG: It is used as a clean fuel for urban residents. It is safe, convenient, fast and pollution-free. It is used as a substitute for automobile fuel. It is used as a cold source for the production of fast-cooling food, as well as low temperature of plastic and rubber. It can also be used for seawater desalination and cable cooling, etc. as an industrial gas fuel.
2. Application advantages of LNG
(1) Simple and easy to control; LNG is 625 times smaller than natural gas of the same quality, so it is convenient to transport LNG to places where there is no natural gas. The control system of heavy oil is complicated, and it is easy to sprinkle and leak. The natural gas is directly transported by pipeline through the natural gas decompression station and then sent directly to the gas point. The process is simple and easy to control.
(2) LNG has high storage efficiency and a small footprint. With less investment, 10m3 LNG storage capacity can provide 10,000 households with one-day living gas.
(3) LNG is a high-quality fuel. Compared with gasoline heavy oil, LNG has the advantages of high octane number, good antiknock performance, long engine life, low fuel cost and good environmental performance. It can reduce HC in gasoline tail gas by 72%, NOx by 39%, CO by 90%, and SOx and Pb to zero.
Heavy oil has a large specific gravity and viscosity, and relatively many impurities. Among them, sulfur, nitrogen and other elements are high in content. When sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are produced during combustion, it will cause a certain degree of pollution, and heavy oil has strong adhesion. Once it is contaminated, it is difficult to remove. . As a clean and high-quality energy source, natural gas does not contain any impurities, and the combustion is relatively complete and clean. After combustion, it is basically free of pollution, and there is no carbon deposit, waste residue or waste water. It not only saves energy and reduces emissions, but also improves the air pollution environment, and greatly reduces the emissions of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons, sulfides, ammonia, solid dust, etc. in the production process of asphalt mixing plants; natural gas as a heating fuel, its combustion value High, less residue, can keep the stone material from being contaminated by any substance during the reheating process, clean the surface of the stone material, improve the quality of the asphalt mixture, and thus ensure the quality of the road surface. It is the energy source for the promotion and popularization of the national energy policy.
(4) The latent heat of LNG vaporization is high, the calorific value of natural gas is more economical, the combustion efficiency is higher than that of heavy oil, and the heat utilization efficiency is increased by 10%-20%, which can effectively reduce the production cost, and the cooling capacity in the liquefaction process can be recycled. .
(5) Since the density of LNG vaporization is very low, only about half of the air, a slight leak immediately spreads out without causing an explosion.
(6) Reduce the unit failure rate, reduce the burden on the equipment dust removal system, and reduce maintenance costs.
Since the LNG component is extremely pure, burns completely, and produces carbon dioxide and water after combustion, it is a good clean fuel, which is good for protecting the environment and reducing urban pollution. The characteristics of heavy oil are related to the blending ratio of crude oil production area and formulated raw materials. Therefore, the instability of heavy oil ratio is likely to cause certain damage to the burner, oil pump and grease nipple of the unit, which increases the failure rate of the equipment and the purchase and use of accessories. It directly affects the construction progress of the project. Frequent replacement and incomplete combustion lead to the formation of carbon deposits at the mouth of the furnace, which makes the furnace mouth easy to burn and deform, and the use of natural gas effectively reduces maintenance costs.
At the same time, the heavy oil is not completely burned, and the oily smoke will stick to the bag, which will affect the dust removal effect. However, natural gas is a clean energy source with zero emissions. It is relatively clean after burning, which reduces the pollution of the dust bag, thus reducing the frequency of replacing the dust bag and reducing the use of the bag.
Yalong gas burner realizes automatic measurement, automatic steady flow, synchronous air distribution, high efficiency and environmental protection, and achieves the model of building machinery industry! (This article is from Yalong Building Machine)
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