Talking about the Hazard and Treatment Measures of Coking Compressor of Haokong Air Compressor Hao Xuqing Zheng Huawei (Henan Shenhuo Aluminum Industry Co., Ltd. Yongcheng Aluminum Factory, Henan Yongcheng 476600 cylinder, cutting tank gas needs. It is easy to operate during air compressor operation The phenomenon of carbon deposition occurs, and the carbon deposit can cause the piston ring to be stuck in the ring groove, the valve plate of the gas valve can not be normally opened and closed, the cross section of the air flow passage is reduced, and the resistance is increased. When the carbon burning is serious, the air compressor is exploded, and the equipment is damaged. Endanger the person.

Air compressors are widely used in the electrolytic aluminum industry. They mainly use compressed air to transport concentrated and ultra-concentrated raw materials, as a shelling and unloading power source, vacuum aluminum, pneumatic machinery and control power source. The importance of compressors belongs to Class A equipment in the electrolytic aluminum industry. The normal operation of the air compressor directly affects the safe production of electrolysis. In the operation management of the piston air compressor in recent years, the Yongcheng Aluminum Plant of Henan Shenhuo Aluminum Industry Co., Ltd. summarized the hazards and preventive measures of some carbon deposits in the air compressor. .

1 The formation and hazard analysis of coke formation The cause of carbon deposition in the compressor is more complicated, mainly because the oil in the air compressor is often in the form of a mist and the high temperature, high pressure, high oxygen partial pressure air and metal catalyst to make the lubrication The oil is rapidly oxidized and deteriorated; on the other hand, the oil evaporates continuously so that the heavier components of the oil remain in the top of the piston, the exhaust valve chamber and the exhaust passage, and are continuously decomposed by heat and dehydrogenated. The product is mixed with the dust in the inhaling gas and the metal powder in the compressor, the piston ring powder, and the support ring powder, and is deposited on the surface of the body to be further heated to become carbon deposit.

Air compressors are classified according to equipment transmission and structure, mainly in two types: reciprocating and rotary. In the long-term operation, reciprocating piston air compressors sometimes burn and explode in gas storage tanks, pipelines, cylinders, crankcases, etc. There are two forms of explosion accidents caused by carbon deposits: (1) Explosive sources are usually From the air compressor to the exhaust line between the gas storage tanks, the fire source mostly occurs in the area where the air flow velocity of the exhaust pipe is low. The main reason for the formation of carbon deposits is excessive oil entering the cylinder, which constitutes a large volatile viscosity. The oil mixture, the volatile oil is quickly evaporated by the air at high temperature, the hard-to-volatile oil is oxidized in the high-temperature saturated cylinder, and mixed with the impurities in the air to form a carbon compound, which gradually increases to form a flammable carbon deposit. Practice has proved that the flash point and ignition point of the lubricating oil have nothing to do with the carbon deposit. Only when the temperature reaches 350*, the carbon will burn, and the air compressor will spontaneously burn under the high temperature and high pressure.

(2) The exothermic reaction that generates carbon deposits on the exhaust valve occurs at a temperature in the range of 154250*C. The lubricating oil which is misty or adhered to the metal surface is rapidly oxidized by air under high temperature and high pressure, especially under the condition of metal contact, to form an oxidized polymer (colloidal sludge, etc.) deposited on the metal surface. On the top, the heat continues to be decomposed, and a thermal decomposition dehydrogenation reaction occurs to form a hydrogen-based carbon deposit. When the thickness of the carbon deposit is more than 3 mm, the high temperature and high pressure gas is returned to the cylinder when the exhaust valve leaks, and a high temperature is generated in the vicinity of the exhaust valve, which may cause a fire and explosion. For example, the normal exhaust temperature of the compressor of Tbar is 150C, and the temperature of 270C will occur when the valve leaks, which is prone to explosion accident.

2 Prevention and cleanup of carbon deposits 2.1 Precautions for carbon deposition The main reasons for the accumulation of charcoal are improper selection of lubricating oil, unreasonable control of oil injection, excessive oil quantity, poor air filtration effect, high foreign matter in the air, and easy carbonization of oil. . For these reasons, the generation of coke is mainly controlled from the following points.

(1) The choice of lubricating oil, the choice of compressor oil is mainly the choice of viscosity, and the type, power, oiling method and working conditions of the compressor are mainly the viscosity of the compressor oil performance depending on the outlet temperature and pressure. Basic requirements, the lubricating oil has good thermal oxidation stability, is not easy to produce carbon deposit; water separation and rust resistance is good; flash point is high, and volatility is small.

The D-100/10a air compressor of Yongcheng Aluminum Factory of Henan Shenhuo Aluminum Co., Ltd. uses L-DAB100 lubricating oil. The specific selection criteria are as shown in Table 1: The viscosity grade of the model has a variety of oil-free lubrication. The external lubrication system can be used with TSA turbine oil. And various hydraulic oil or air compressor oil L-DAB oil-lubricated air-cooled shaft output power <20kW light load medium load single-stage internal combustion engine oil, but no multi-stage internal combustion engine oil (thickened) shaft output power >20kW light load For load TSA turbine oil and various hydraulic oil or air compressor oil L-DAA, single-stage internal combustion engine oil can also be used, but L-DAB oil is not used for multi-stage internal combustion engine oil (thickening), but single-stage internal combustion engine oil can also be used, but Do not use multi-stage internal combustion engine oil (thickening) water-cooled light load medium load TSA turbine oil and various hydraulic oil or air compressor oil L-DAA, (2) to ensure lubrication quality, fuel consumption must be adjusted to improve the amount of oil, otherwise The valve chamber and the air valve are easy to form carbon, and the piston is easy to wear. We stipulate that the fuel consumption is generally selected in Table 2. At the same time, the quality of the lubricant should be regularly checked and replaced regularly. According to the selection result, combined with the lubrication condition of my unit air compressor, the oil injection amount is 1520 drops/min, the oil replacement period is 1 year, and the oil filter replacement period is half a year. (Continued on page 13) 0.2, 0.15); the weight of each parameter of the measure factor in this category = measure category, last measure time, measure effective times, measure thickness ratio = (0.15, 0.3, 0.2, 0.35); The development factors are combined with expert system and mathematical methods to obtain the weights of their parameters in this category = comprehensive water content, remaining oil quantity, injection-production relationship, effective direction, affected well number, water injection method, flow due to The adjustment potential of single well measures is the result of the combined effects of geological factors, development factors and measures. Therefore, on the basis of comprehensive judgment of various factors, the second-level comprehensive discrimination is carried out. The weight of this level is mainly based on oilfield development experience and experts. The system is obtained, that is, the second-level comprehensive judgment = geological factors, development factors, 2.3 single well measures adjustment potential evaluation model, single well measures adjustment potential is the result of the comprehensive effect of geological factors, development factors and measures factors of each well in each block, if various types In the first-order fuzzy mathematical discriminant of factors, the weight matrix is ​​A, and the numerical matrix composed of various parameters of single well is B, then the single well first-order discriminant index D= If the secondary comprehensive discriminant weight coefficient matrix is ​​C, then the single well measure adjustment potential index R=ZZ . Where j is the participation evaluation parameter for each type of factor.

3 Conclusions (1) The factors affecting the adjustment potential of single wells are mainly divided into three categories: geological factors, development factors and measures. The geological factors include single well shooting thickness, oil layer properties, reservoir heterogeneity degree, structure and other factors; development factors include single well production level, injection and production improvement degree, injection and production well spacing, injection-production relationship and production measures. The factors of the measures include the type of measures, the time of measures, the number of effective measures, and the proportion of measures. The combined effects of these three factors determine the potential for single well adjustment. (2) Based on the analysis of the factors affecting the adjustment potential of single wells, the effect of each factor on the adjustment potential of the measures was judged by hierarchical fuzzy mathematics method, and the evaluation model of single well measures adjustment potential was established.

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