3 Problems and countermeasures in domestic flower seed production
3.1 Variety degradation, bad species flooding
Since the founding of New China, flower production has experienced a process of recovery, development, setbacks, and prosperity. The research and production of grass flower seeds were severely damaged and destroyed during the “Cultural Revolution†period, a large amount of germplasm resources were wasted, research institutes turned, and scientific and technological production personnel diverted, leaving the flower seed industry in our country blank for a long time, and it has not been able to fully recover. There is no way to talk about development. Enterprises and flower growers have long cultivated herbal flowers in a self-sufficient manner, resulting in serious deterioration of many varieties. There are several private companies in the country that are engaged in flower seed production. However, because of the thin foundation, lack of resources, and lack of technology in production bases, the quality of seeds is far from that of foreign countries. Some even use imported foreign seeds for seeding and self-cultivation. Segregation of offspring is severe, and the uniformity and color are degraded and the seed quality is poor. So that a large number of foreign high-priced seeds have entered China's flower seed market, impacting China's national flower seed production industry.
3.2 Lack of scientific research on flower breeding and cultivation techniques
As an important branch of horticulture, compared with flowers, vegetables, and fruit trees, there is a big gap in the selection and breeding of new varieties, breeding of improved varieties, and research and summary of supporting cultivation techniques. Research on vegetables and fruit trees has been developed to study cell physiology to improve and increase the yield and quality of varieties and the level of cultivation techniques. So far, flowers (grass and flowers) still do not have a complete and detailed theory of cultivation and breeding, and they lack information on the production of flowers from different angles such as ecology, economics, cultivation, and breeding. Therefore, flower production often occurs due to technology. Lack of good results in the production of good breeds. What's more, the quality of seeds we use is poor. In addition, due to the tight funding for scientific research, scientific research institutes are affected by the market and rely mainly on immediate economic benefits. Most of them gave up basic theoretical studies of flowers and turned to flowers and grass operations, which formed a gap in scientific research work. The technical force at the production base is weak, and the flower species have to rely on the import situation.
3.3 Lack of Seed Enterprises
Seed as a propagation material of plant flowers is a carrier of science and technology. The Central Government requested that the seed project should be given prominence to accelerate the cultivation, introduction, and promotion of improved varieties and realize seed industrialization. At present, most of the state-owned seed companies in China are mainly engaged in the production and operation of Daejeon and vegetable seeds. The number of companies engaged in flower seed production and sales is very small, and only a few small private companies are operating. Seed companies in developed countries are seeking opportunities to crack down on and seize the seed market in China by virtue of their strong capabilities, advanced technologies, scientific management, and superior varieties. By the end of 2007, more than 60 foreign seed companies have invested in setting up seed companies in China. The scope of production and operation includes crops, vegetables, and flower seeds. Therefore, the country urgently needs to support some large and medium-sized seed companies, raise the level of flower seed production, and do a good job of seed quality. Develop China's national flower industry.
3.4 Little progress has been made in the validation of flower varieties, and the system is not perfect
With the implementation of intellectual property protection policies, the approval of flower varieties should be given priority. This will not only mobilize the enthusiasm of the scientific research personnel for breeding, and preserve the legitimate rights and interests of researchers, but also promote the rapid rise of China's grass and flower breeding.
3.5 Poor seed processing and packaging infrastructure, backward seed processing technology, low scientific and technological content, poor commodity quality
Since the flower seeds are mostly small, light in weight, and have a small number of yields and high value, the processing machinery must be refined and the loss is small. However, China's existing flower seed enterprises do not have suitable processing facilities. Just relying on manual processing, seed coating and pelletization are even more inconceivable. In addition, the lack of special equipment for measuring and packaging the seeds of flower particles, and the low level of seed processing and packaging, together with the lack of their own brands, and the lack of market competitiveness, have caused counterfeit and inferior seeds to flow onto the market, resulting in a higher level of overall grass use in China. Low situation.
3.6 Flower Seed Breeding, Complications and Sales Disjoint
At present, China's seed scientific research and production and management are divided into two systems and have not formed a good cooperation mechanism. Scientific research departments and seed companies are all involved in the “small and complete†breeding and seed production operations, neglecting the research on breeding theory, cultivation methods, and germplasm resources, and are not conducive to the healthy development of the flower seed industry.
3.7 Information failure is one of the important factors restricting flower seed production and management
At present, there are few horizontal linkages among flower seed production enterprises in China. The number of flower seed production enterprises in the Flower Information Network of the Ministry of Agriculture is very small. The flower production enterprises are closed, producing and selling themselves, and no sales network is formed. In this regard, the country should implement an inducement policy to encourage flower seed production enterprises to make full use of the existing flower information network of the Ministry of Agriculture and communicate with domestic and foreign seed companies to guide and adjust the flower research direction and flower production structure of their own companies to adapt to the rapid changes. The market demand, at the same time, can also promote China's flower seed production enterprises to meet international standards with high-quality flowers. In summary, if China's flower seed industry does not want to be squeezed by foreign companies and seeks rapid development, it should first improve the flower certification system, and protect and enhance the breeding enthusiasm of enterprises and scientists. At the same time, we should give priority to supporting existing flower seed companies and scientific research institutes to carry out flower seed production and research, and make them take a joint approach to complement each other and complement each other. By combining the development of China's grass flower resources with the introduction of foreign excellent germplasm resources, we will soon find a new way in the research, production, and management of flowers and seeds to create our own brand and lay a solid foundation for the development of China's flower industry in the 21st century. The foundation was to contribute to rejuvenating Xiongwei, the “mother of the garden†in China.
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