As a result of the long-term development and utilization of tin resources, hundreds of millions of tons of old tin ore tailings have been piled up around the world. This part of the tailings was stored as waste at the time, and some dams were piled up for use. For the purpose of returning water, with the passage of time, tin resources are decreasing year by year, the grades are getting lower and lower, and some are close to or even lower than the old tailings. Therefore, the necessity of using old tailings as secondary resources is gradually clear. . The development of modern science and technology provides a material means for the reuse of old tailings. The rise in tin prices (although the price has fallen by a large margin in recent years, it has risen nearly 10 times compared with 20 years ago) has also played a catalytic role. At present, in the United Kingdom, the United Kingdom, Bolivia and the Soviet Union, there are many practical experiences in the reuse of old tailings. China's Pinggui and Yunnan old factories in Guangxi have been producing plants for processing old tailings. These selection plants generally use the full re-election process, and the recovery rate is usually less than 40-50%.
In recent years, China has made great progress in the comprehensive utilization of old tailings. These advances are preferred because of the progress made in the tin smelting process. The grade of the conventional tin concentrate reduction smelting is generally required to reach 40%. Later, due to the success of the mineralization and volatization (smoothing) technology of Fuzhong Mine, the materials with tin grade greater than 4% can be put into the furnace, and better technical and economic indicators can be obtained. Since the development of lean mass in the mine and then high temperature firing chloride (chloride) technology to the tin-containing greater than about 1.5% can be into the furnace, and may be associated utilization of iron and other metals, such as lead, indium, bismuth, Copper and so on. The current principle of processing and comprehensively utilizing the associated valuable elements in the old tailings is shown in the following figure.
The tailings with tin content of 0.15~0.18% are treated according to the above process, and the total recovery rate from ore to metal can reach 45~50%.
Old tailings comprehensive utilization principle process
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