Sphere introduction 1, Sphere Spinning Principle Sphere forming method comparison (1) Casting method This is a traditional processing method, which requires a complete set of melting, casting and other equipment, but also requires a larger plant and more workers , Large investment, many processes, the production process is complex, and pollute the environment, the technical level of each process a direct impact on product quality, the problem of capillary leakage can not be completely solved, while the rough machining allowance, waste, Often found in the processing of casting defects so that it scrapped, to make the product cost increases, the quality can not be guaranteed, this method should not be used factory. (2) forging method This is the current domestic many valve companies used another method, which has two kinds of processing methods: First, cut with a round steel forged into a hollow solid, and then mechanical processing. The other is the unfinished stainless steel plate in the large press molding, hollow hemispherical blank, and then welded into the ball blank machining, this method of high utilization of materials, but to a high-power Press and heating furnace and argon soldering equipment, investment is expected to need 3 million yuan to form productivity, this method is not suitable for the factory situation. (3) Spinning method Metal spinning method is an advanced and less, no-chip processing methods, belonging to the new branch of the pressure processing, which combines the process characteristics of forging, extrusion, rolling and rolling, with high material utilization rate Up to 80-90%), save a lot of processing time (1-5 minutes forming), after spinning the material strength can be doubled. As spinning, the small area of ​​contact with the workpiece, the metal material in two or three-way compressive stress state, easy to deform, with smaller power, you can get a higher unit of contact stress (up to 25- Therefore, the equipment is light weight, the total power required (less than 1 / 5-1 / 4 of the press), has been recognized by the foreign valve industry is an energy-saving ball processing technology program, but also apply In the processing of other hollow rotary parts. Spinning technology has been widely used in foreign countries and high-speed development, technology and equipment are very mature and stable, and to achieve mechanical, electrical and hydraulic integration of automatic control. At present, spinning technology in our country has also been greater development, has entered the promotion of practical stage. 2, Spinning the ball rough technical conditions According to our production needs and combined with the characteristics of spinning deformation, the following technical conditions: 1) Spinning rough material and type: 1Gr18Nr9Tr, 2Gr13 steel or steel; (2) Spinning ball Blank shape and structure: 3, Spinning program Spinning ball by the selection of the different types of blanks, the effect is not the same, the analysis can be used in two programs: 3.1, steel neck spinning method This program is divided into three steps: The first step The steel pipe is cut according to the size, and then the steel pipe is clamped in the spindle chuck of the spin-press machine and rotates together with the main shaft; the rotary wheel rotates the pipe blank several times by means of a hydraulic profiling device to gradually reduce the diameter to form a semicircular ball body; The second step will have been formed part of the ball cut, and processing welding groove; the third step will be two hemispheres brazing welding with argon into the desired hollow ball blank. Tube neck spinning method advantages: no mold, forming process is relatively simple; disadvantages are: the need to use a specific pipe, a weld, and the higher cost of steel. 3.2, the common law of steel plate This program has two ways: the first way the flat circular material using the tailstock hydraulic top force, pressed on the outer surface of the spherical core mold, together with the spindle rotation, the use of hydraulic profiling device , After a number of spinning so that the plate gradually shrinking deformation attached to the mandrel to get a hollow hemisphere, and then cut off the excess burrs and welding groove, the two hemispheres with argon arc welding welding Hollow ball blank required. The second way is the same flat rough with flat rough, the difference is spin into a hemispherical shape, but also need to spin out a cylindrical semi-finished products, and then the semi-finished blank in the inner hemispherical core mold, the use of and diameter The same tailstock mandrel compaction, and pipe necking the same spinning method, the cylindrical section gradually shrink (closing) to form the other hemisphere, and closing the excess metal material attached to the mandrel, and finally cut off Extra parts to get a desired overall hollow ball blank. The law of the plate spin method Advantages: convenient source of steel, steel and pipe prices lower prices, to achieve a complete hollow structural sphere. Compared with the previous scheme of steel tube necking spinning method, the disadvantage is that two core dies are needed, the spinning process is complicated, the structure and control of the required spinning equipment are complicated and the cost of the equipment is high, but in terms of economic benefits and product quality Analysis, this program is still the best solution. 4, the choice of spinning machine The spinning machine by the machine, electricity, liquid three parts, is more advanced mechanical and electrical integration of more advanced medium-sized machine tools. Machine schematic principle. It consists of spindle gearbox and hydraulic ejector, tailstock, spinning wheel frame, bed and other parts. In hydraulic transmission, there is a hydraulic station and its hydraulic system, which provides the machine with all but the main shaft rotation. Rotor horizontal spin profile control device, including profiling valve, profile plate, adjusting mechanism and bracket. In the electronic control of the use of advanced computer automation, spinning process to achieve automation. Ball valve at maximum and minimum temperature maximum operating pressure is how much Ball is the ball valve opening and closing pieces, also known as the ball, ball, ball around the centerline of the valve body to rotate to achieve the opening and closing of the role of the ball valve. It uses a plane to cut, the cross section is a circular surface. The cross section of the ball has the following properties: 1. The connection between the center of the ball and the center of the cross section is perpendicular to the cross section. 2. The distance d from the center of the sphere to the cross section of the sphere is related to the radius r of the sphere and the radius r of the cross section as follows: r 2 = R ^ 2 - d 2 The circle that the sphere is intercepted by the plane passing through the center of the sphere is called a circle The circle that is not cut through the center of the sphere is called a small circle. On a sphere, the length of the shortest line between two points is the length of a bad arc between the two circles through which the two circles point. We call this arc length the spherical distance of two points. We know that the main features of the ball valve is its compact structure, easy operation and maintenance, suitable for general working mediums such as water, solvent, acid and natural gas. It is also suitable for medium with bad working conditions such as oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, methane and Ethylene and so on. Ball valve body can be a whole, it can be combined. The ball valve nominal pressure level (PN), can indicate the valve in the normal temperature maximum working pressure. For example: PN4.0, indicating that the operating pressure of -290C ~ 380C when the maximum working pressure of 40 Bar (4.0MPa). Ball Valve The nameplate shows the maximum operating pressure allowed for the ball valve at maximum and minimum operating temperatures. Ball valve reliability is mainly because of what? 1), the ball and the seat of a pair of seal will not be scratched, rapid wear and tear and other failures, work will not get stuck (in the absence of lubricant), it can be reliably Application and corrosive media and low boiling point liquid; 2) Built-in valve stem structure, eliminating the valve stem under the fluid pressure may be due to the release of the gland and fly out accident risk; 3) The use of anti-static, fire-resistant structure The ball valve, suitable for transporting oil, natural gas, gas pipeline. How to install the valve ball is the right sphere Definition: The space to the fixed point distance less than or equal to the fixed length of all the dots formed by the graphics called the ball. Sphere is a continuous surface of the three-dimensional graphics, surrounded by spherical geometry called the ball. There is no absolute sphere in the world. Absolute sphere exists only in theory. 1. Remove the protective cap on both sides of the flange and flush it with the valve fully open. (2) Pre-installation should be carried out according to the provisions of the signal (electrical or gas) machine test (to prevent the use of vibration due to transport performance), qualified before going on-line installation (wiring according to the electric actuator circuit). 3. Flush and remove residual contaminants from clean lines (these may cause damage to the seat and ball) before preparing for connection to the pipe. 4. During installation, do not use the actuator part of the valve as lifting lifting point to avoid damaging the actuator and accessories. 5. This type of valve should be installed in the pipe horizontal or vertical direction. 6. The pipe near the installation point can not be lowered or subjected to the phenomenon of external force, you can use the pipe.
Spiral Ribbed Wire,Spiral Ribbed PC Wire,PC Wire Spiral Ribbed,Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand Wire
Shandong Xindadi Holding Group Co., Ltd , https://www.xindadipcwire.com